Agriculture Biomass Gasifier System and Info

Technical parameters of biomass (straw) fluidized bed gasifier system

                 

 1. Straw storage, 2. Delivery 3. Silos 4. Fluidized bed gasifier, 5. Cyclone 6. Pipe dust collector 

7. Electric catcher 3. Spray tower 9. Circulating liquid separator 10. Fan 11. Buffer tank 12. Water seal tank 13. Generator set

                           Technical parameters of biomass (straw) fixed bed gasifier system

1. Straw storage, 2. Delivery 3. Fixed bed gasifier 4. Cyclone 5. Air cooler 6. Intercooler

7. Electric catcher 3. Intercooler 13. Fan 9. Separator 10. Buffer tank 11. Water seal 12. Generator set

    

    

After crushing the straw is applied with a biomass straw using a fluidized bed gasifier. Advantages: cost savings, shortcomings: do not use storage.

     

The briquettes are applied after the briquettes are used with the biomass straw fixed bed gasifier. Advantages: high efficiency, conducive to transport and storage, shortcomings: increase costs.

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1, the caloric value of straw biomass resources

      The caloric value of the straw was 3687 Kcal / kg (7.8% moisture, 69.11% volatiles, 5.71% ash, 17.38% fixed carbon)

     The caloric value of cotton stalk 3591Kcal / kg (13.4% moisture, 65.17% volatile, ash 3.20%, fixed carbon 18.23%)

     The caloric value of corn stalks was 3813 Kcal / kg (9.5% moisture, 70.31% volatiles, 4.01% ash, 16.18% fixed carbon)

     The caloric value of straw is 3139 Kcal / kg (11.6% moisture, 59.5% volatile, 14.1% ash, 14.8% fixed carbon)

3, the characteristics of straw biomass resources

   Widely distributed, small density, light weight.

   Can be compressed into particles or biomass blocks for easy transport and storage.  

        

   High fuel volatile, easy to fire, good combustion characteristics, high rate of burning ashes;

   Sulfur content is very low, only about 1/20 of the fuel oil, do not take any desulfurization and denitrification measures can meet environmental requirements;

   0 "Emissions: Health combustion exhaust substances CO.'s ₂ and its absorption during growth CO.'s ₂ the same, and instead of fossil energy, reducing the net emissions, in accordance with the" Kyoto Protocol "mechanism, biomass fuel CO.'s ₂ ecological" 0 " emission.

4, Straw biomass resources analysis of economic benefits

Wuxi City to the Electrical and Mechanical Co., Ltd. biomass gasifier can be 1 kg of straw fuel into 2 cubic biomass gas = 2400-2600 kcal.

4.1.1 . In the case of natural gas calorific value of 8900 kcal / cubic cubic, the use of special energy TENENG biomass gasifier, 3.4-3.7Kg straw fuel can replace 1 cubic natural gas.

In the straw fuel price of 200 yuan when the replacement of a cubic natural gas need straw fuel costs 0.68-0.74 yuan,

Natural gas prices of 4.5 yuan per cubic, enterprises can save 84-85%.

4.1.2. In straw fuel price of $ 300 when the need to replace a natural cubic straw fuel feed cost 1.03-1.11 yuan,

Natural gas prices for 4.5 yuan per cubic, enterprises can save 75-77%.

4.1.3 . In straw fuel price price of $ 400 when the need to replace a natural cubic straw fuel pricescost 1.37-1.48 yuan,

Natural gas prices for 4.5 yuan per cubic, enterprises can save 67-70%.

Note: Some developed areas to encourage the local government to encourage straw burning, straw processing enterprises to subsidize 200 yuan a ton, so that enterprises can save more.

4.2.1. In the case of diesel fuel calorific value of 10,000 kcal / l, the use of special energy TENENG biomass gasifier, 3.8-4.2Kg straw fuel prices can replace 1 liter of diesel.

In straw fuel price of $ 200 when the need to replace one liter of diesel straw fuel prices cost 0.76-0.84 yuan,

Diesel prices for 7 yuan a liter, businesses can save 84-85%.

4.2.2. When theprice of the straw fuel is 300 yuan, the cost of replacing the 1 liter diesel oil requires the cost of straw fuel price of 1.14 -1.26 yuan,

Diesel prices for 7 yuan a liter , enterprises can save 82-84%.

4.2.3. When the price of straw fuel is 400 yuan , to replace 1 liter of diesel need straw fuel costs 1.52-1.68 yuan,

Diesel prices for 7 yuan a liter , enterprises can save 76-78%.

Note: Some developed areas to encourage the local government to encourage straw burning, straw processing enterprises to subsidize 200 yuan a ton, so that enterprises can save more.

To sum up, if the enterprise is still burning diesel oil to heat, you can use cheap and available biomass raw materials using special biomass gasifier to produce biomass syngas to replace fuel gas equipment.

Another for some gas furnace users and coal-fired boiler users, because some places due to government policy factors, need to burn natural gas users, biomass gasifier and biomass raw materials is also a good choice,

Because if the enterprise to take natural gas pipeline, then the cost is also great, and the current trend of natural gas, natural gas is not enough, so the possibility of price reduction is very small.

StLouis Pro Marijuana Bill Filed

Democratic Alderwoman Megan Green’s bill filed this week would allow only for penalties:
>for anyone using marijuana under age 21,
>selling to someone under 21, or
>possessing more than two ounces or
>more than 10 marijuana plants for cultivation.

Consumption beyond private residential property would be limited.

St. Louis alderwoman's bill would legalize marijuana https://t.co/TfwfdkxNeb via @fox2now

— Scotty (@StLHandyMan) October 25, 2017

See full article

http://fox2now.com/2017/10/25/st-louis-alderwomans-bill-would-legalize-marijuana/

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Biodiesel saves the day $$$

Northern Oil's biorefinery looking to biodiesel as way to go off-grid and save power bills

In Australia, Northern Oil's biorefinery that produces biodiesel from tires is looking to use some of that biodiesel to produce its own power in an effort to significantly reduce or completely eliminate it's $1.5 million annual power bill. The company's power bill went up 10% last year, money that could have been spent on creating two additional jobs at the facility instead.  See more st link:

http://www.biofuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2017/10/23/northern-oils-biorefinery-looking-to-biodiesel-as-way-to-go-off-grid-and-save-power-bills/

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Hearing focuses on Farm Bill rural development, energy programs @BiomassMagazine

Hearing focuses on Farm Bill rural development, energy programs @BiomassMagazine: On Sept. 28, the U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry held a hearing on the 2018 Farm Bill focused on rural development and energy programs. The committee has now held nine hearings this year focused on Farm Bill development.



 “Today’s hearing marks this committee’s ninth hearing this year dedicated to listening to our stakeholders from around the country on how our authorized programs are currently working, or need improvement, as we work towards Farm Bill reauthorization during this Congress,” said Sen. Pat Roberts, R-Kan., who serves as chairman of the committee. “This includes taking a look at spending requests and proposals for the 39 programs in the Farm Bill that do not have budget baseline.”

“While it is a principal duty of this committee to ensure the next Farm Bill provides our nation’s agricultural producers with the necessary tools and resources to feed a growing and hungry world, our responsibilities, and the role of USDA, do not stop there, “ he said. “It is also critical the next Farm Bill works to support rural businesses, cooperatives, health clinics, schools, renewable energy and biobased product manufacturers, and other essential services providers that serve as the backbone of the communities our farmers and ranchers call home.”

In her opening statement, Sen. Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., called the Farm Bill a jobs bill. “The rural development and energy titles that we’re discussing today have a wealth of opportunities to provide a bright future for rural America,” she said.

“In Michigan, agriculture and manufacturing are at the heart of our economy,” Stabenow added. “We don’t have a middle class unless we make things and grow things. That’s why we created opportunities in the last Farm Bill to support biobased manufacturing. Instead of using petroleum, companies are creating new products from American-grown crops. The economic benefit is twofold: new markets for our farmers, and new jobs and manufacturing opportunities for our businesses.”

“Additionally, the Farm Bill invests in renewable energy, which also leads to job creation, she continued. “According to a new report, there are now 92,000 clean energy jobs in Michigan alone. The popular Rural Energy for America Program – known as REAP – helps producers and businesses lower their utility bills through installing renewable energy systems and making energy efficiency upgrades. Innovations in advanced biofuels are helping us to become more energy independent and pay less at the pump.”

“It’s clear the opportunities we created in the 2014 Farm Bill are helping our small towns and rural communities create jobs and support communities where parents want to raise their children,” Stabenow said. “As we begin work on the next bill, I look forward to building on that progress to help rural America reach its full potential.”

Brent Shanks, director of the NSF Engineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals at Iowa State University, was among those to offer testimony at the hearing.

In his testimony, Shanks said the current federal strategy for advanced biofuels could be enhanced by further decoupling the risks between technology, market and infrastructure inherent in completely new biorefineries. He said this approach would allow for progress to be made toward the overall goal while having important intermediate successes along the way.

According to Shanks, the previous two Farm Bills has included an increased discussion of the importance of incorporating renewable chemicals and biobased products for advanced biofuel production. The strategy has largely been positioned around the idea of higher-value renewable chemicals and biobased products subsidizing lower-value advanced biofuel production. “While achieving such a strategy would be a wonderful outcome, it actually increases the amount of overall technological risk because both advanced biofuel and renewable chemical technology would need to be developed in concert with one another,” said Shanks in his written testimony. “An alternative would be to also consider technology development with a near term focus on renewable chemicals that could be leveraged to technological needs for advanced biofuels.”

Shanks also noted that market viability risk mitigation needs to address the uncertainty of crude oil and natural gas pricing, which would require biomass-derived products to have valuations that are less tightly correlated to this pricing. “The best market-based approach for diminishing the correlation is to have biomass-derived products that are different from petrochemicals and that impart improved performance attributes in their use,” he said.

In addition, Shanks stressed that a crucial attribute in producing fuels and chemicals is the large capital infrastructure required for their manufacture. “Commercially, risk mitigation for biomass processing infrastructure can best be accomplished by adding on limited new equipment to an existing agricultural or wood processing facility or by co-locating the new manufacturing process next to (“across the fence” from) such an existing facility,” Shanks said. “This strategy is already happening in the industry.”

Ann Hazlett, assistant to the Secretary for Rural Development at USDA; Richard Davis, acting administrator of the Rural Housing Service at USDA, Chadwick Parker, acting administrator of the Rural Business-Cooperative Service at the USDA; Christopher McLean, acting administrator of the Rural Utilities Service at the USDA; Aleta Botts, executive director at the Kentucky Center for Agriculture and Rural Development; Elmer Ronnebaum, general manager of the Kansas Rural Water Association; Christopher Stephens, president and CEO of Coweta-Fayette EMC; Denny Law, CEO of Golden West Telecommunications Cooperative; and Mark Olinyk, president of Harvest Energy Solutions, also testified at the event.

A video of the nearly three-hour hearing can be viewed on the committee website.

Thank You for stopping by the Green Blog. If additional information in needed or you have a question let me know by posting a question or comment. Together we can make a difference and create a future that will benefit everyone.

Biomass Hemp Coal Electricity GHG emissions

The use of clean energy biomass has a potential to reduce the lifecycle pollution emissions by 77%–99% in comparison to fossil fuel coal combustion

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Snippets of article on Green House Gas emissions with Biomass Feedstocks to Generate Electricity with and without Coal.

Biomass Hemp and Kenaf machines make Pellet, Brick, Log Forms

Images, Infographics, Highlights added by Scotty to add life to the boring science paper.

Evaluation of the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Different Biomass Feedstock used for Electricity Generation-source

A review of the biomass literature showed that there are wide-ranging types of biomass that may be utilized in generating electricity.

The numerous types of biomass may be classified into distinct categories depending on the type of feedstock. The Idaho National Laboratory Report provided an extensive classification of feedstock-based biomass that included seven distinct categories as follows: 

• Agriculture residues (AR): includes dry lignocellulosic agriculture residues (straw, sugar beet leaves) and livestock waste (solid manure, liquid manure) 

• Dedicated energy crops (DEC): includes dry lignocellulosic wood energy crops (small round wood (SRW)—willow, short rotation coppice (SRC)—poplar, eucalyptus), dry lignocellulosic herbaceous energy crops (miscanthus, switchgrass, common reed, reed canary grass, giant reed, cynara cardu, Indian shrub), oil energy crops (sugar beet, cane beet, sweet sorghum, Jerusalem artichoke, sugar millet), starch energy crops (wheat, potatoes, maize, barley, triticae, corn, amaranth), and other energy crops (flax (Linum), hemp (Cannabis), tobacco stems, aquatic plants (lipids from algae), cotton stalks, kenaf) 

 

• Forestry (F): includes forestry byproducts (bark, wood blocks, wood chips from tops and branches, wood chips from thinning, logs from thinning) 

• Industry (I): includes wood industry residues (industrial waste wood from sawmills/timber mills (bark, sawdust, wood chips, slabs, off-cuts)), food industry residues (wet cellulosic material (beet root tails), fats (used cooking oils), tallow, yellow grease, proteins (slaughterhouse waste)), and industrial products (pellets from sawdust and shavings, briquettes from sawdust and shavings, bio-oil (pyrolysis oil), ethanol, biodiesel)

• Parks and gardens (P-G): includes herbaceous (grass) and woody (pruning) 

• Wastes (W): includes contaminated wastes (demolition wood, biodegradable, municipal waste, sewage sludge, landfill gas, sewage gas) 

• Others (O): includes roadside hay (grass/hay) and husks/shells (almond, olive, walnut, palm pit, cacao) This study adopted the same classification (agriculture residues, dedicated energy crops, forestry, industry, parks and gardens, wastes, others) as proposed by the Idaho National Laboratory Report [30] to evaluate the life cycle GHG emissions of biomass-only and biomass cofiring with coal electricity generation systems utilizing different feedstock options. 

Each of the reviewed biomass-only and biomass cofiring LCA studies (with specific details on the biomass feedstock type) were first assigned a

1.  Biomass Category
2. Feedstock-based GHG emissions 
3. Biomass-Only 
4.            Biomass Cofiring              

The use of forestry and industry feedstock categories is recommended for extensive use in both biomass-only and cofiring electricity generation systems. 

• A consequence of considerably higher Sustainability- 11 of 12 GHGs being emitted from the combustion of coal in comparison with the combustion of biomass. 

Future feedstock-based biomass LCA studies need to focus on filling the knowledge gaps associated with the use of the parks and gardens feedstock-based biomass-only and waste cofiring electricity generation systems for which there were no references, which may provide valuable information on their applicability in producing electricity within a region. 

Future research efforts can also be aimed at increasing the number of real-world biomass LCA case studies, which can lead to further consolidation of the GHG emissions resulting from different biomass feedstock electricity generation systems.

The use of biomass has a potential to reduce the life cycle GHG emissions by 77%–99% in comparison to fossil fuel combustion, depending on the feedstock category and combustion technology used 

The biomass-only electricity generation system net electric efficiency was identified to be the most important factor that influences the final GHG emission savings. 

NOTE: Sustainability in transportation and distance would largely influence the GHG emissions from biomass electricity generation systems 

GHG emission stats biomass cofiring electrricity generation chart

Rick Simpson Bizarre New Theory May Not be that Crazy

Rick Simpson https://www.facebook.com/ricksimpsonofficial